Document Type : Original Article

Authors

• Leila Etemad ¹
• Yeganeh Ramezani ²
• Mina Vahidi ²
• Bita Dadpour ³
• Mohammad Moshiri ^{4, 5}

¹ Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

² Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

³ Toxicology Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

⁴ Department of Clinical Toxicology and poisoning, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

⁵ Medical toxicology research center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

Background: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study to investigate the severity of acute baclofen poisoning and length of hospital stay (LOS)
 Methods: The documents of cases with baclofen poisoning diagnosis; Baclofen alone intoxication (BAI) and multidrug intoxication (MDI) (March 2015-2019) were evaluated. Clinical and paraclinical findings, LOS, APACHE, and Poison Severity Scores (PSS) were extracted.
Results: From 46 collected cases 10 cases were BAI and all of them were women. The adult cases who attempted suicide were younger (26.09±9.62 years) than those accidentally poisoned (58.29±22.06 years) (PV=0.008). Two BAI (20%) and one MDI (2.7%) were apnotic. None of BAI had hypotension, hypertension, bradycardia, or tachycardia. Past medical history of depression has no statistically significant effect on the clinical manifestation. There were correlations between adult diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures with baclofen ingested dose and renal function test results. MDI and BAI had similar ingested baclofen doses (152.63±67.0 and 130±90.3 mg). All BAI had GCS<10. The mean of the calculated APACHE score was higher in BAI (15.43±3.2) than in MDI (8.8±7.8) groups (PV<0.05). APACHE score positively correlated with the LOS of BAI (R2=0.830, b=0.287 CI=0.175-0.420; PV=0.001). APACHE score did not correlate with the estimated baclofen ingested dose. There is a positive linear correlation between PSS and APACHE score of BAI patients, (R2=0.499, PV=0.033, B=5.00±1.89, PV=0.033, CI=0.52-9.479). However, there was no correlation between PSS of BAI cases and LOS (PV=0.24).
Conclusion: The APACHE score had a positive correlation with the LOS.

Keywords

• Poisoning
• Baclofen
• Muscle Relaxants
• APACHE
• Treatment Outcome

Main Subjects

• Medical Toxicology